diff --git a/eland/operations.py b/eland/operations.py
index 0fad8ef..48ff43f 100644
--- a/eland/operations.py
+++ b/eland/operations.py
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 import copy
 import warnings
 from collections import defaultdict
+from datetime import datetime
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
     Any,
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ from eland.actions import PostProcessingAction
 from eland.common import (
     DEFAULT_PAGINATION_SIZE,
     DEFAULT_PIT_KEEP_ALIVE,
+    DEFAULT_PROGRESS_REPORTING_NUM_ROWS,
     DEFAULT_SEARCH_SIZE,
     SortOrder,
     build_pd_series,
@@ -1198,9 +1200,24 @@ class Operations:
     def to_pandas(
         self, query_compiler: "QueryCompiler", show_progress: bool = False
     ) -> pd.DataFrame:
-        df = self._es_results(query_compiler, show_progress)
 
-        return df
+        df_list: List[pd.DataFrame] = []
+        i = 0
+        for df in self.search_yield_pandas_dataframes(query_compiler=query_compiler):
+            if show_progress:
+                i = i + df.shape[0]
+                if i % DEFAULT_PROGRESS_REPORTING_NUM_ROWS == 0:
+                    print(f"{datetime.now()}: read {i} rows")
+            df_list.append(df)
+
+        if show_progress:
+            print(f"{datetime.now()}: read {i} rows")
+
+        # pd.concat() can't handle an empty list
+        # because there aren't defined columns.
+        if not df_list:
+            return query_compiler._empty_pd_ef()
+        return pd.concat(df_list)
 
     def to_csv(
         self,
@@ -1208,8 +1225,9 @@ class Operations:
         show_progress: bool = False,
         **kwargs: Union[bool, str],
     ) -> Optional[str]:
-        df = self._es_results(query_compiler, show_progress)
-        return df.to_csv(**kwargs)  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+        return self.to_pandas(  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
+            query_compiler=query_compiler, show_progress=show_progress
+        ).to_csv(**kwargs)
 
     def search_yield_pandas_dataframes(
         self, query_compiler: "QueryCompiler"
@@ -1241,42 +1259,6 @@ class Operations:
             df = self._apply_df_post_processing(df, post_processing)
             yield df
 
-    def _es_results(
-        self, query_compiler: "QueryCompiler", show_progress: bool = False
-    ) -> pd.DataFrame:
-        query_params, post_processing = self._resolve_tasks(query_compiler)
-
-        result_size, sort_params = Operations._query_params_to_size_and_sort(
-            query_params
-        )
-
-        script_fields = query_params.script_fields
-        query = Query(query_params.query)
-
-        body = query.to_search_body()
-        if script_fields is not None:
-            body["script_fields"] = script_fields
-
-        # Only return requested field_names and add them to body
-        _source = query_compiler.get_field_names(include_scripted_fields=False)
-        body["_source"] = _source if _source else False
-
-        if sort_params:
-            body["sort"] = [sort_params]
-
-        es_results: List[Dict[str, Any]] = sum(
-            _search_yield_hits(
-                query_compiler=query_compiler, body=body, max_number_of_hits=result_size
-            ),
-            [],
-        )
-
-        df = query_compiler._es_results_to_pandas(
-            results=es_results, show_progress=show_progress
-        )
-        df = self._apply_df_post_processing(df, post_processing)
-        return df
-
     def index_count(self, query_compiler: "QueryCompiler", field: str) -> int:
         # field is the index field so count values
         query_params, post_processing = self._resolve_tasks(query_compiler)
diff --git a/eland/query_compiler.py b/eland/query_compiler.py
index 4a81804..8c8b562 100644
--- a/eland/query_compiler.py
+++ b/eland/query_compiler.py
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 #  under the License.
 
 import copy
-from datetime import datetime
 from typing import (
     TYPE_CHECKING,
     Any,
@@ -33,11 +32,7 @@ from typing import (
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd  # type: ignore
 
-from eland.common import (
-    DEFAULT_PROGRESS_REPORTING_NUM_ROWS,
-    elasticsearch_date_to_pandas_date,
-    ensure_es_client,
-)
+from eland.common import elasticsearch_date_to_pandas_date, ensure_es_client
 from eland.field_mappings import FieldMappings
 from eland.filter import BooleanFilter, QueryFilter
 from eland.index import Index
@@ -149,7 +144,6 @@ class QueryCompiler:
     def _es_results_to_pandas(
         self,
         results: List[Dict[str, Any]],
-        show_progress: bool = False,
     ) -> "pd.Dataframe":
         """
         Parameters
@@ -274,10 +268,6 @@ class QueryCompiler:
             # flatten row to map correctly to 2D DataFrame
             rows.append(self._flatten_dict(row, field_mapping_cache))
 
-            if show_progress:
-                if i % DEFAULT_PROGRESS_REPORTING_NUM_ROWS == 0:
-                    print(f"{datetime.now()}: read {i} rows")
-
         # Create pandas DataFrame
         df = pd.DataFrame(data=rows, index=index)
 
@@ -299,9 +289,6 @@ class QueryCompiler:
         if len(self.columns) > 1:
             df = df[self.columns]
 
-        if show_progress:
-            print(f"{datetime.now()}: read {i} rows")
-
         return df
 
     def _flatten_dict(self, y, field_mapping_cache: "FieldMappingCache"):
@@ -383,7 +370,7 @@ class QueryCompiler:
             self, self.index.es_index_field, items
         )
 
-    def _empty_pd_ef(self):
+    def _empty_pd_ef(self) -> "pd.DataFrame":
         # Return an empty dataframe with correct columns and dtypes
         df = pd.DataFrame()
         for c, d in zip(self.dtypes.index, self.dtypes.values):